The main points re pdam-1 that we must be hard on are - The base mechanism for transform from some reasonable number (like 1 M) of UCS-4 code points to the form where they can be accessed by UCS-2 systems. - reservation of the S zone for this mechanism. This implies that we can start allocating the queue of requested characters to either the BMP outside the S zone and/or the appropriate area of UCS-4 The other stuff is pretty much all secondary - i.e. we do not let it get in the way of the two main points. Thus this was originally positioned as a UCS-2E 'form of use' - changed to a transformation format as a tactic, now some are arguing for the first format. I do not believe that it much matters which wins out. We should back whatever is pragmatic and should certainly not be raising these 'problems' ourselves. I would like some guideance (from Mike perhaps) on the impact of the annex being normative or non normative. It seems that it is not necessary to have annex O normative to reserve the S zone, since this is done as a change to the main body (section 8) - does the annnex need to be normative to enable a reference to it from the main standard? Any system that is today conformant to 10646 should not become non conformant if the two PDAM's are approved. I presume that this is the case? Tim