IPA Extensions

IPA extensions

IPA includes basic Latin letters and a number of Latin or Greek letters from other blocks.
  →00E6 æ latin small letter ae
  →00E7 ç latin small letter c with cedilla
  →00F0 ð latin small letter eth
  →00F8 ø latin small letter o with stroke
  →0127 ħ latin small letter h with stroke
  →014B ŋ latin small letter eng
  →0153 œ latin small ligature oe
  →03B2 β greek small letter beta
  →03B8 θ greek small letter theta
  →03BB λ greek small letter lamda
  →03C7 χ greek small letter chi
Many of the IPA characters in this block are also used in significant orthographies, such as those for African languages.
0250 ɐ Latin Small Letter Turned A
  •low central unrounded vowel
  •uppercase is 2C6F Ɐ
  ↑2C6F Ɐ latin capital letter turned a
0251 ɑ Latin Small Letter Alpha
  =latin small letter script a (1.0)
  •low back unrounded vowel
  •the representative glyph appears like an allograph of Latin "a", but sometimes the character is rendered more like a Greek "α"
  •uppercase is 2C6D Ɑ
  →03B1 α greek small letter alpha
  ↑2C6D Ɑ latin capital letter alpha
0252 ɒ Latin Small Letter Turned Alpha
  •low back rounded vowel
  •uppercase is 2C70 Ɒ
  →AB64 ꭤ latin small letter inverted alpha
  ↑2C70 Ɒ latin capital letter turned alpha
0253 ɓ Latin Small Letter B With Hook
  •implosive bilabial stop
  •uppercase is 0181 Ɓ
  →0431 б cyrillic small letter be
  ↑0181 Ɓ latin capital letter b with hook
0254 ɔ Latin Small Letter Open O
  •typographically a turned c
  •lower-mid back rounded vowel
  •in older Danish usage "ɔ:" stands for "that is"
  •uppercase is 0186 Ɔ
  →1D10 ᴐ latin letter small capital open o
  →2184 ↄ latin small letter reversed c
  ↑0186 Ɔ latin capital letter open o
0255 ɕ Latin Small Letter C With Curl
  •voiceless alveolo-palatal laminal fricative
  •used in transcription of Mandarin Chinese
  •sound spelled with 015B ś in Polish
0256 ɖ Latin Small Letter D With Tail
  =d retroflex hook
  •voiced retroflex stop
  •uppercase is 0189 Ɖ
  ↑0189 Ɖ latin capital letter african d
0257 ɗ Latin Small Letter D With Hook
  •implosive dental or alveolar stop
  •Ewe, Pan-Nigerian alphabet
  •uppercase is 018A Ɗ
  ↑018A Ɗ latin capital letter d with hook
0258 ɘ Latin Small Letter Reversed E
  •upper-mid central unrounded vowel
0259 ə Latin Small Letter Schwa
  •mid-central unrounded vowel
  •uppercase is 018F Ə
  •variant uppercase form 018E Ǝ is associated with 01DD ǝ
  →01DD ǝ latin small letter turned e
  →04D9 ә cyrillic small letter schwa
  ↑018F Ə latin capital letter schwa
025A ɚ Latin Small Letter Schwa With Hook
  •rhotacized schwa
025B ɛ Latin Small Letter Open E
  =epsilon
  •lower-mid front unrounded vowel
  •uppercase is 0190 Ɛ
  →03B5 ε greek small letter epsilon
  →0511 ԑ cyrillic small letter reversed ze
  ↑0190 Ɛ latin capital letter open e
025C ɜ Latin Small Letter Reversed Open E
  =reversed epsilon
  •lower-mid central unrounded vowel
  •uppercase is A7AB Ɜ
  →0437 з cyrillic small letter ze
  →1D08 ᴈ latin small letter turned open e
  ↑A7AB Ɜ latin capital letter reversed open e
025D ɝ Latin Small Letter Reversed Open E With Hook
  •rhotacized lower-mid central vowel
025E ɞ Latin Small Letter Closed Reversed Open E
  =closed reversed epsilon
  •lower-mid central rounded vowel
  →029A ʚ latin small letter closed open e
025F ɟ Latin Small Letter Dotless J With Stroke
  •voiced palatal stop
  •typographically a turned f, but better thought of as a form of j
  •"gy" in Hungarian orthography
  •also archaic phonetic for palatoalveolar affricate 02A4 ʤ
0260 ɠ Latin Small Letter G With Hook
  •implosive velar stop
  •uppercase is 0193 Ɠ
  ↑0193 Ɠ latin capital letter g with hook
0261 ɡ Latin Small Letter Script G
  •voiced velar stop
  •uppercase is A7AC Ɡ
  →0067 g latin small letter g
  →210A ℊ script small g
  ↑A7AC Ɡ latin capital letter script g
0262 ɢ Latin Letter Small Capital G
  •voiced uvular stop
0263 ɣ Latin Small Letter Gamma
  •voiced velar fricative
  •uppercase is 0194 Ɣ
  →03B3 γ greek small letter gamma
  ↑0194 Ɣ latin capital letter gamma
0264 ɤ Latin Small Letter Rams Horn
  =latin small letter baby gamma (1.0)
  •upper-mid back unrounded vowel
  •uppercase is A7CB Ɤ
  ↑A7CB Ɤ latin capital letter rams horn
0265 ɥ Latin Small Letter Turned H
  •voiced rounded palatal approximant
  •uppercase is A78D Ɥ
  ↑A78D Ɥ latin capital letter turned h
0266 ɦ Latin Small Letter H With Hook
  •breathy-voiced glottal fricative
  •uppercase is A7AA Ɦ
  •uppercase in Nawdm is 0124 Ĥ
  →02B1 ʱ modifier letter small h with hook
  ↑A7AA Ɦ latin capital letter h with hook
0267 ɧ Latin Small Letter Heng With Hook
  •voiceless coarticulated velar and palatoalveolar fricative
  •"sj" in some Swedish dialects
  →A727 ꜧ latin small letter heng
0268 ɨ Latin Small Letter I With Stroke
  =barred i, i bar
  •high central unrounded vowel
  •uppercase is 0197 Ɨ
  •ISO 6438 搸 gives lowercase of 0197 Ɨ as 026A ɪ, not 0268 ɨ
  →1D7B ᵻ latin small capital letter i with stroke
  ↑0197 Ɨ latin capital letter i with stroke
0269 ɩ Latin Small Letter Iota
  •semi-high front unrounded vowel
  •obsoleted by IPA in 1989
  •preferred use is 026A ɪ latin letter small capital i
  •uppercase is 0196 Ɩ
  →0131 ı latin small letter dotless i
  →03B9 ι greek small letter iota
  →A647 ꙇ cyrillic small letter iota
  →1D6A4 𝚤 mathematical italic small dotless i
  ↑0196 Ɩ latin capital letter iota
026A ɪ Latin Letter Small Capital I
  •semi-high front unrounded vowel
  •preferred IPA alternate for 0269 ɩ
  •uppercase is A7AE Ɪ
  •ISO 6438 搸 gives this as lowercase of 0197 Ɨ instead of 0268 ɨ
  •glyph should have top and bottom serifs even in sans serif IPA font designs, to avoid confusion with lowercase l
  →0131 ı latin small letter dotless i
  ↑A7AE Ɪ latin capital letter small capital i
026B ɫ Latin Small Letter L With Middle Tilde
  •velarized voiced alveolar lateral approximant
  •uppercase is 2C62 Ɫ
  →0142 ł latin small letter l with stroke
  →AB37 ꬷ latin small letter l with inverted lazy s
  →AB38 ꬸ latin small letter l with double middle tilde
  ↑2C62 Ɫ latin capital letter l with middle tilde
026C ɬ Latin Small Letter L With Belt
  •voiceless alveolar lateral fricative
  •uppercase is A7AD Ɬ
  →019A ƚ latin small letter l with bar
  ↑A7AD Ɬ latin capital letter l with belt
026D ɭ Latin Small Letter L With Retroflex Hook
  •voiced retroflex lateral
  →A78E ꞎ latin small letter l with retroflex hook and belt
026E ɮ Latin Small Letter Lezh
  •voiced lateral fricative
  •"dhl" in Zulu orthography
026F ɯ Latin Small Letter Turned M
  •high back unrounded vowel
  •uppercase is 019C Ɯ
  →A7FA ꟺ latin letter small capital turned m
  ↑019C Ɯ latin capital letter turned m
0270 ɰ Latin Small Letter Turned M With Long Leg
  •voiced velar approximant
0271 ɱ Latin Small Letter M With Hook
  •voiced labiodental nasal
  •uppercase is 2C6E Ɱ
  →1D86 ᶆ latin small letter m with palatal hook
  ↑2C6E Ɱ latin capital letter m with hook
0272 ɲ Latin Small Letter N With Left Hook
  •voiced palatal nasal
  •uppercase is 019D Ɲ
  ↑019D Ɲ latin capital letter n with left hook
0273 ɳ Latin Small Letter N With Retroflex Hook
  •voiced retroflex nasal
0274 ɴ Latin Letter Small Capital N
  •voiced uvular nasal
0275 ɵ Latin Small Letter Barred O
  =o bar
  •rounded mid-central vowel, i.e. rounded schwa
  •uppercase is 019F Ɵ
  →03B8 θ greek small letter theta
  →0473 ѳ cyrillic small letter fita
  →04E9 ө cyrillic small letter barred o
  ↑019F Ɵ latin capital letter o with middle tilde
0276 ɶ Latin Letter Small Capital Oe
  •low front rounded vowel
  →0153 œ latin small ligature oe
0277 ɷ Latin Small Letter Closed Omega
  •near-close near-back rounded vowel
  •obsoleted by IPA in 1989
  •preferred use is 028A ʊ latin small letter upsilon
  →A7B7 ꞷ latin small letter omega
  →AB65 ꭥ greek letter small capital omega
0278 ɸ Latin Small Letter Phi
  •voiceless bilabial fricative
  •this is a non-casing letter
  →03C6 φ greek small letter phi
  →03D5 ϕ greek phi symbol
  →2C77 ⱷ latin small letter tailless phi
0279 ɹ Latin Small Letter Turned R
  •voiced alveolar approximant
  →02B4 ʴ modifier letter small turned r
027A ɺ Latin Small Letter Turned R With Long Leg
  •voiced lateral flap
027B ɻ Latin Small Letter Turned R With Hook
  •voiced retroflex approximant
  →02B5 ʵ modifier letter small turned r with hook
027C ɼ Latin Small Letter R With Long Leg
  •voiced strident apico-alveolar trill
  •obsoleted by IPA in 1989
  •this sound is spelled with 0159 ř in Czech
  •preferred phonetic representation for Czech is 0072 r 031D ◌̝
  •in current use in Gaelic types (as glyph variant of 0072 r)
  →A783 ꞃ latin small letter insular r
  →A785 ꞅ latin small letter insular s
027D ɽ Latin Small Letter R With Tail
  •voiced retroflex flap
  •uppercase is 2C64 Ɽ
  →2C79 ⱹ latin small letter turned r with tail
  ↑2C64 Ɽ latin capital letter r with tail
027E ɾ Latin Small Letter R With Fishhook
  •voiced alveolar flap or tap
  →017F ſ latin small letter long s
027F ɿ Latin Small Letter Reversed R With Fishhook
  =long leg turned iota (a misnomer)
  •apical dental vowel
  •used by linguists working on Chinese and other Sino-Tibetan languages
  •IPA spelling - 007A z 0329 ◌̩
  •preferred presentation is with a descender
0280 ʀ Latin Letter Small Capital R
  •voiced uvular trill
  •Germanic, Old Norse
  •uppercase is 01A6 Ʀ
  ↑01A6 Ʀ latin letter yr
0281 ʁ Latin Letter Small Capital Inverted R
  •voiced uvular fricative or approximant
  →02B6 ʶ modifier letter small capital inverted r
0282 ʂ Latin Small Letter S With Hook
  •voiceless retroflex fricative
  •uppercase is A7C5 Ʂ
  ↑A7C5 Ʂ latin capital letter s with hook
0283 ʃ Latin Small Letter Esh
  •voiceless postalveolar fricative
  •uppercase is 01A9 Ʃ
  →222B ∫ integral
  →AB4D ꭍ latin small letter baseline esh
  ↑01A9 Ʃ latin capital letter esh
0284 ʄ Latin Small Letter Dotless J With Stroke And Hook
  •implosive palatal stop
  •typographically based on 025F ɟ, not on 0283 ʃ
0285 ʅ Latin Small Letter Squat Reversed Esh
  •apical retroflex vowel
  •used by linguists working on Chinese and other Sino-Tibetan languages
  •IPA spelling - 0290 ʐ 0329 ◌̩
  •in origin 027F ɿ plus the retroflex hook 0322 ◌̢, despite its name
  •preferred presentation is with a descender
0286 ʆ Latin Small Letter Esh With Curl
  •palatalized voiceless postalveolar fricative
  •suggested spelling - 0283 ʃ 02B2 ʲ
0287 ʇ Latin Small Letter Turned T
  •dental click (sound of "tsk tsk")
  •uppercase is A7B1 Ʇ
  →01C0 ǀ latin letter dental click
  ↑A7B1 Ʇ latin capital letter turned t
0288 ʈ Latin Small Letter T With Retroflex Hook
  •voiceless retroflex stop
  •uppercase is 01AE Ʈ
  →01AD ƭ latin small letter t with hook
  →1DF09 𝼉 latin small letter t with hook and retroflex hook
  ↑01AE Ʈ latin capital letter t with retroflex hook
0289 ʉ Latin Small Letter U Bar
  •high central rounded vowel
  •uppercase is 0244 Ʉ
  →1D7E ᵾ latin small capital letter u with stroke
  ↑0244 Ʉ latin capital letter u bar
028A ʊ Latin Small Letter Upsilon
  •near-close near-back rounded vowel
  •typographically, a turned Greek small capital omega AB65 ꭥ
  •preferred IPA alternate to 0277 ɷ
  •uppercase is 01B1 Ʊ
  →03C5 υ greek small letter upsilon
  ↑01B1 Ʊ latin capital letter upsilon
028B ʋ Latin Small Letter V With Hook
  =latin small letter script v (1.0)
  •voiced labiodental approximant
  •uppercase is 01B2 Ʋ
  →03C5 υ greek small letter upsilon
  ↑01B2 Ʋ latin capital letter v with hook
028C ʌ Latin Small Letter Turned V
  =caret, wedge
  •lower-mid back unrounded vowel
  •uppercase is 0245 Ʌ
  →039B Λ greek capital letter lamda
  →1D27 ᴧ greek letter small capital lamda
  →2227 ∧ logical and
  ↑0245 Ʌ latin capital letter turned v
028D ʍ Latin Small Letter Turned W
  •voiceless rounded labiovelar approximant
  →AB69 ꭩ modifier letter small turned w
028E ʎ Latin Small Letter Turned Y
  •voiced lateral approximant
028F ʏ Latin Letter Small Capital Y
  •semi-high front rounded vowel
0290 ʐ Latin Small Letter Z With Retroflex Hook
  •voiced retroflex fricative
0291 ʑ Latin Small Letter Z With Curl
  •voiced alveolo-palatal laminal fricative
  •sound spelled with 017A ź in Polish
0292 ʒ Latin Small Letter Ezh
  =dram sign
  •voiced postalveolar fricative
  •mistakenly named yogh in Unicode 1.0
  •uppercase is 01B7 Ʒ
  •Skolt Sami
  →021D ȝ latin small letter yogh
  →04E1 ӡ cyrillic small letter abkhasian dze
  →2125 ℥ ounce sign
  →1F772 🝲 alchemical symbol for half dram
  →2CF01 𬼁
  ↑01B7 Ʒ latin capital letter ezh
0293 ʓ Latin Small Letter Ezh With Curl
  •palatalized voiced postalveolar fricative
0294 ʔ Latin Letter Glottal Stop
  •this is a caseless letter
  •used in IPA, other phonetic notations, and those orthographies which use a caseless glottal stop
  →0241 Ɂ latin capital letter glottal stop
  →02C0 ˀ modifier letter glottal stop
0295 ʕ Latin Letter Pharyngeal Voiced Fricative
  =reversed glottal stop
  •voiced pharyngeal fricative
  •ain
  →01B9 ƹ latin small letter ezh reversed
  →02C1 ˁ modifier letter reversed glottal stop
0296 ʖ Latin Letter Inverted Glottal Stop
  •lateral click
  →01C1 ǁ latin letter lateral click
0297 ʗ Latin Letter Stretched C
  •palatal (or alveolar) click
  →01C3 ǃ latin letter retroflex click
  →2201 ∁ complement
0298 ʘ Latin Letter Bilabial Click
  =bullseye
  •this is a non-casing letter
  →2299 ⊙ circled dot operator
  →A668 Ꙩ cyrillic capital letter monocular o
0299 ʙ Latin Letter Small Capital B
  •bilabial trill
  →0432 в cyrillic small letter ve
029A ʚ Latin Small Letter Closed Open E
  =closed epsilon
  •lower-mid front rounded vowel
  •non-IPA alternate for the preferred 0153 œ
  →025E ɞ latin small letter closed reversed open e
029B ʛ Latin Letter Small Capital G With Hook
  •voiced uvular implosive
029C ʜ Latin Letter Small Capital H
  •voiceless epiglottal fricative
  →043D н cyrillic small letter en
  →1D34 ᴴ modifier letter capital h
  →A7F8 ꟸ modifier letter capital h with stroke
029D ʝ Latin Small Letter J With Crossed-Tail
  •voiced palatal fricative
  •uppercase is A7B2 Ʝ
  ↑A7B2 Ʝ latin capital letter j with crossed-tail
029E ʞ Latin Small Letter Turned K
  •proposed for velar click
  •uppercase is A7B0 Ʞ
  •withdrawn by IPA in 1970
  →1DF10 𝼐 latin letter small capital turned k
  ↑A7B0 Ʞ latin capital letter turned k
029F ʟ Latin Letter Small Capital L
  •velar lateral approximant
02A0 ʠ Latin Small Letter Q With Hook
  •voiceless uvular implosive
02A1 ʡ Latin Letter Glottal Stop With Stroke
  •voiced epiglottal stop
02A2 ʢ Latin Letter Reversed Glottal Stop With Stroke
  •voiced epiglottal fricative
02A3 ʣ Latin Small Letter Dz Digraph
  •voiced dental affricate
  →AB66 ꭦ latin small letter dz digraph with retroflex hook
02A4 ʤ Latin Small Letter Dezh Digraph
  •voiced postalveolar affricate
02A5 ʥ Latin Small Letter Dz Digraph With Curl
  •voiced alveolo-palatal affricate
02A6 ʦ Latin Small Letter Ts Digraph
  •voiceless dental affricate
  →01BE ƾ latin letter inverted glottal stop with stroke
  →AB67 ꭧ latin small letter ts digraph with retroflex hook
02A7 ʧ Latin Small Letter Tesh Digraph
  •voiceless postalveolar affricate
  →A729 ꜩ latin small letter tz
02A8 ʨ Latin Small Letter Tc Digraph With Curl
  •voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate

IPA characters for disordered speech

02A9 ʩ Latin Small Letter Feng Digraph
  •velopharyngeal fricative
02AA ʪ Latin Small Letter Ls Digraph
  •lateral alveolar fricative (lisp)
02AB ʫ Latin Small Letter Lz Digraph
  •voiced lateral alveolar fricative
02AC ʬ Latin Letter Bilabial Percussive
  •audible lip smack
02AD ʭ Latin Letter Bidental Percussive
  •audible teeth gnashing

Additions for Sinology

02AE ʮ Latin Small Letter Turned H With Fishhook
02AF ʯ Latin Small Letter Turned H With Fishhook And Tail

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