French: Unit Grammar Info

	French: Unit Grammar Info
Index

Grammatical Forms

Unit Inflections, Phase 1: The end goal is to add full case and gender support for formatted units. During Phase 1, a limited number of locales and units of measurement are being handled in CLDR v38, so that we can work kinks out of the process before expanding to all units for all locales.

This chart shows grammatical information available for certain unit and/or power patterns. These patterns are also illustrated with a Formatted Sample that combine the patterns with sample numbers and case minimal pair patterns. For example, “… für {0} …” is a case minimal pair pattern that requires the placeholder {0} to be in the accusative case in German. By inserting into a minimal pair pattern, it is easier to ensure that the original unit and/or power patterns are correctly inflected.

Notes

We don't have the cross-product of minimal pairs for both case and plural forms, so the case minimal pair pattern might not be correct for the row’s plural category, especially in the nominative.
Translators often have difficulties with the the minimal pair patterns, since they are transcreations not translations. The Hindi minimal pair patterns for case and gender have been discarded because they were incorrectly translated.
We don't expect translators to supply minimal pair patterns that are natural for any kind of placeholder: for example, it is probably not typical to use the vocative with 3.2 meters! So look at the Formatted Sample as an aid for helping to see the context for grammatical inflections, but one that has limitations.

Grammatical Features
Minimal Pairs
Unit Case and Gender Info
Unit Power Components

Grammatical Features

The following lists the available information about grammatical features for this locale. Current information is only for nominal forms. Where a Usage is present other than “general”, that means that a subset of the grammatical features are relevant to that Usage. For example, Feature=grammaticalGender and Usage=units might omit an ‘animate’ gender. For the meanings of the values, see LDML Grammatical Features.

Locale	ID	Feature	Usage	Values
French	fr	grammaticalGender	general	masculine, feminine

Minimal Pairs

This table has the minimal pairs used to test the appropriateness of different values.

Type	Code	Pattern	Formatted Sample
Plural	one	{0} jour	1 jour ❌ 2 jour
	many	{0} de jours	1 000 000 de jours ❌ 2 de jours
	other	{0} jours	2 jours ❌ 1 jours
Type	Code	Pattern	Formatted Sample
Gender (for measurement units)	masculine	Le {0} est	Le jour est ❌ Le heure est
Gender (for measurement units)	feminine	La {0} est	La heure est ❌ La jour est

Unit Case and Gender Info

This table has rows contains unit forms appropriate for different grammatical cases and plural forms. Each plural form has a sample value such as (1.2) or (2). That value is used with the localized unit pattern to form a formatted measure, such as “2,0 Stunden”. That formatted measure is in turn substituted into a case minimal pair pattern to get the Formatted Sample. The Gender column is informative; it just supplies the supplied gender for the unit.

For clarity, conversion values are supplied for non-metric units. For more information, see Unit Conversions.

Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
acceleration	meters per second squared	masculine	Le mètre par seconde carrée est
acceleration	g-force ( = 9.80665 m/s²)	feminine	La fois l’accélération de pesanteur terrestre est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
angle	arc-second ( = 0.0000007˙716049382 rev)	feminine	La seconde d’arc est
	arc-minute ( = 0.00004˙629 rev)	feminine	La minute d’arc est
	degree ( = 0.002˙7 rev)	masculine	Le degré est
	radian ( = ~0.1591549430918953 rev)	masculine	Le radian est
	revolutions	masculine	Le tour est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
area	square centimeters	masculine	Le centimètre carré est
	square-foot ( = 929.0304 cm²)	masculine	Le pied carré est
	square meters	masculine	Le mètre carré est
	acre ( = 4046.8564224 m²)	feminine	La acre anglo-saxonne est
	hectares	masculine	Le hectare est
	square kilometers	masculine	Le kilomètre carré est
	square-mile ( = 2.589988110336 km²)	masculine	Le mille carré est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
concentration	millimole-per-liter ( = 602214076000000000000000 items per cubic meter)	feminine	La millimole par litre est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
consumption	liters per 100 kilometers	masculine	Le litre aux 100 km est
consumption	liters per kilometer	masculine	Le litre au kilomètre est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
consumption-inverse	mile-per-gallon-imperial ( = ~354006.1899346471 meters per cubic meter)	masculine	Le mile par gallon impérial est
consumption-inverse	mile-per-gallon ( = ~425143.707430272 meters per cubic meter)	masculine	Le mile par gallon est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
digital	bits	masculine	Le bit est
	byte ( = 8 bit)	masculine	Le octet est
	kilobits	masculine	Le kilobit est
	kilobyte ( = 8 kb)	masculine	Le kilooctet est
	megabits	masculine	Le mégabit est
	megabyte ( = 8 Mb)	masculine	Le mégaoctet est
	gigabits	masculine	Le gigabit est
	gigabyte ( = 8 Gb)	masculine	Le gigaoctet est
	terabits	masculine	Le térabit est
	terabyte ( = 8 Tb)	masculine	Le téraoctet est
	petabyte ( = 8000 Tb)	masculine	Le pétaoctet est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
duration	nanoseconds	feminine	La nanoseconde est
	microseconds	feminine	La microseconde est
	milliseconds	feminine	La milliseconde est
	seconds	feminine	La seconde est
	minute ( = 60 sec)	feminine	La minute est
	hour ( = 3600 sec)	feminine	La heure est
	day ( = 86400 sec)	masculine	Le jour est
	day-person ( = 86400 sec)	masculine	Le  j est
	week ( = 604800 sec)	feminine	La semaine est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
electric-current	milliamperes	masculine	Le milliampère est
electric-current	amperes	masculine	Le ampère est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
electric-resistance	ohms	masculine	Le ohm est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
energy	joules	masculine	Le joule est
	newton-meter ( = 1 J)	masculine	Le newton-mètre est
	calorie ( = 4.184 J)	feminine	La calorie est
	kilojoules	masculine	Le kilojoule est
	foodcalorie ( = 4.184 kJ)	feminine	La kilocalorie est
	kilocalorie ( = 4.184 kJ)	feminine	La kilocalorie est
	kilowatt-hour ( = 3600000 kilogram-square meter-seconds per cubic second)	masculine	Le kilowatt-heure est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
force	newtons	masculine	Le newton est
force	kilowatt-hour-per-100-kilometer ( = 36 kilogram-square meter-seconds per meter-cubic second)	masculine	Le kilowatt-heure pour 100 kilomètres est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
frequency	hertz	masculine	Le hertz est
	kilohertz	masculine	Le kilohertz est
	megahertz	masculine	Le mégahertz est
	gigahertz	masculine	Le gigahertz est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
graphics	pixel ( = 1 dot)	masculine	Le pixel est
graphics	megapixels	masculine	Le mégapixel est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
illuminance	lux	masculine	Le lux est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
length	picometers	masculine	Le picomètre est
	nanometers	masculine	Le nanomètre est
	micrometers	masculine	Le micromètre est
	millimeters	masculine	Le millimètre est
	centimeters	masculine	Le centimètre est
	inch ( = 2.54 cm)	masculine	Le pouce est
	decimeters	masculine	Le décimètre est
	foot ( = 3.048 dm)	masculine	Le pied est
	yard ( = 0.9144 m)	masculine	Le yard est
	meters	masculine	Le mètre est
	kilometers	masculine	Le kilomètre est
	mile ( = 1.609344 km)	masculine	Le mile est
	mile-scandinavian ( = 10 km)	masculine	Le mille scandinave est
	solar-radius ( = 695700 km)	masculine	Le rayon solaire est
	parsec ( = ~3.085677581491367E13 km)	masculine	Le parsec est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
luminous-flux	lumen	masculine	Le lumen est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
luminous-intensity	candela	feminine	La candela est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
mass	dalton ( = 0.00000000000000000166053878283 μg)	masculine	Le dalton est
	micrograms	masculine	Le microgramme est
	milligrams	masculine	Le milligramme est
	grain ( = 64.79891 mg)	masculine	Le grain est
	carat ( = 200 mg)	masculine	Le carat est
	grams	masculine	Le gramme est
	ounce ( = 28.349523125 g)	feminine	La once est
	pound ( = 453.59237 g)	feminine	La livre est
	kilograms	masculine	Le kilogramme est
	metric tons	feminine	La tonne est
	earth-mass ( = 5972200000000000000000 t)	feminine	La masse terrestre est
	solar-mass ( = 1988470000000000000000000000 t)	feminine	La masse solaire est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
portion	parts per million	feminine	La part par million est
	permyriad	masculine	Le pour dix mille est
	permille	masculine	Le pour mille est
	percent	masculine	Le pour cent est
	karat ( = 4.1˙6%)	masculine	Le carat est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
power	milliwatts	masculine	Le milliwatt est
	watts	masculine	Le watt est
	kilowatts	masculine	Le kilowatt est
	megawatts	masculine	Le mégawatt est
	gigawatts	masculine	Le gigawatt est
	solar-luminosity ( = 382800000000000000 GW)	feminine	La luminosité solaire est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
pressure	pascals	masculine	Le pascal est
	hectopascal ( = 1 mbar)	masculine	Le hectopascal est
	millibars	masculine	Le millibar est
	kilopascals	masculine	Le kilopascal est
	bars	masculine	Le bar est
	atmosphere ( = 1.01325 bar)	feminine	La atmosphère est
	megapascals	masculine	Le mégapascal est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
resolution	pixel-per-centimeter ( = 1 dpcm)	masculine	Le pixel par centimètre est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
speed	beaufort ( = 0 m/s)	n/a	n/a
	kilometer-per-hour ( = 0.2˙7 m/s)	masculine	Le kilomètre par heure est
	mile-per-hour ( = 0.44704 m/s)	masculine	Le mile par heure est
	meters per second	masculine	Le mètre par seconde est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
substance-amount	items	masculine	Le item est
substance-amount	mole ( = 602214076000000000000000 items)	feminine	La mole est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
temperature	degrees temperature	masculine	Le degré est
	fahrenheit ( = 0.˙5 K)	masculine	Le degré Fahrenheit est
	celsius ( = 1 K)	masculine	Le degré Celsius est
	kelvins	masculine	Le kelvin est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
typewidth	typographic ems	masculine	Le cadratin est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
voltage	volts	masculine	Le volt est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
volume	drop ( = 0.0513429332682291˙6 mL)	feminine	La goutte est
	pinch ( = 0.23104319970703125 mL)	feminine	La pincée est
	cubic-centimeter ( = 1 mL)	masculine	Le centimètre cube est
	milliliters	masculine	Le millilitre est
	dessert-spoon ( = 1.84834559765625 mL)	feminine	La cuillère à dessert est
	dessert-spoon-imperial ( = 2.2197705078125 mL)	feminine	La cuillère à dessert impériale est
	dram ( = 3.6966911953125 mL)	feminine	La drachme est
	teaspoon ( = 4.92892159375 mL)	feminine	La cuillère à café est
	centiliters	masculine	Le centilitre est
	tablespoon ( = 1.478676478125 cL)	feminine	La cuillère à soupe est
	fluid-ounce-imperial ( = 2.84130625 cL)	feminine	La once liquide impériale est
	fluid-ounce ( = 2.95735295625 cL)	feminine	La once liquide est
	jigger ( = 4.436029434375 cL)	masculine	Le jigger est
	deciliter ( = 10 cL)	masculine	Le décilitre est
	cup ( = 23.65882365 cL)	feminine	La tasse est
	cup-metric ( = 25 cL)	feminine	La tasse métrique est
	pint ( = 47.3176473 cL)	feminine	La pinte est
	pint-metric ( = 50 cL)	feminine	La pinte métrique est
	quart ( = 0.946352946 L)	masculine	Le quart est
	liters	masculine	Le litre est
	quart-imperial ( = 1.1365225 L)	masculine	Le quart impérial est
	gallon ( = 3.785411784 L)	masculine	Le gallon est
	gallon-imperial ( = 4.54609 L)	masculine	Le gallon impérial est
	cubic-foot ( = 28.316846592 L)	masculine	Le pied cube est
	hectoliters	masculine	Le hectolitre est
	cubic meters	masculine	Le mètre cube est
	megaliters	masculine	Le mégalitre est
	cubic kilometers	masculine	Le kilomètre cube est
	cubic-mile ( = 4.168181825440579584 km³)	masculine	Le mille cube est
Quantity	Unit	Gender	Gender MP + unit
year-duration	month ( = 0.08˙3 yrs)	masculine	Le mois est
	quarter ( = 0.25 yrs)	masculine	Le trimestre est
	years	masculine	Le an est
	decades	feminine	La décennie est
	centuries	masculine	Le siècle est

Unit Power Components

This table shows the square (power2) and cubic (power3) patterns, which may vary by case, gender, and plural forms. Each gender is illustrated with a unit where possible, such as (second) or (meter). Each plural category is illustrated with a unit where possible, such as (1) or (1.2). The patterns are first supplied, and then combined with the samples and case minimal pair patterns in the next Formatted Sample column.