![[Unicode]](https://www.unicode.org/webscripts/logo60s2.gif){kind=small}
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Technical Reports |
| Version | Unicode 16.0.0 (draft 3) |
| Editors | Ken Whistler, Rick McGowan |
| Date | 2024-07-16 |
| This Version | https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr41/tr41-33.html |
| Previous Version | https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr41/tr41-32.html |
| Latest Version | https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr41/ |
| Latest Proposed Update | https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr41/proposed.html |
| Revision | 33 |
This annex presents a common set of references for the Unicode Standard Annexes.
This is a draft document which may be updated, replaced, or superseded by other documents at any time. Publication does not imply endorsement by the Unicode Consortium. This is not a stable document; it is inappropriate to cite this document as other than a work in progress.
A Unicode Standard Annex (UAX) forms an integral part of the Unicode Standard, but is published online as a separate document. The Unicode Standard may require conformance to normative content in a Unicode Standard Annex, if so specified in the Conformance chapter of that version of the Unicode Standard. The version number of a UAX document corresponds to the version of the Unicode Standard of which it forms a part.
Please submit corrigenda and other comments with the online reporting form [Feedback]. For the latest version of the Unicode Standard, see [Unicode]. For a list of current Unicode Technical Reports, see [Reports]. For more information about versions of the Unicode Standard, see [Versions]. For any errata which may apply to this annex, see [Errata].
Publications may be listed more than once under different headings.
| [Blocks] |
Character Block Property Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/Blocks.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/Blocks.txt |
| [Charts] |
Character Code Charts Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/charts/ Index of character names with links to the corresponding code charts: https://www.unicode.org/charts/charindex.html |
| [Charts14] |
Charts for the Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm Test Files Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/LineBreakTest.html Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/LineBreakTest.html |
| [Charts15] |
Normalization Charts Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/charts/normalization/ |
| [Charts29] |
Charts for the Unicode Text Segmentation Test Files Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/GraphemeBreakTest.html https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/WordBreakTest.html https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/SentenceBreakTest.html Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/GraphemeBreakTest.html https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/WordBreakTest.html https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/SentenceBreakTest.html |
| [CJKRadicals] |
CJK Radicals Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/CJKRadicals.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/CJKRadicals.txt |
| [CLDR] |
Unicode Common Locale Data Repository http://cldr.unicode.org/ |
| [Code9] |
Reference Implementations of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm C reference code: https://www.unicode.org/Public/PROGRAMS/BidiReferenceC/ Java reference code: https://www.unicode.org/Public/PROGRAMS/BidiReferenceJava/ |
| [Code14] |
Sample Implementation of the Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm https://www.unicode.org/Public/PROGRAMS/LineBreakSampleCpp/ |
| [Corrections] |
Normalization Corrections Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/NormalizationCorrections.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/NormalizationCorrections.txt |
| [Corrigendum1] |
Corrigendum #1: UTF-8 Shortest Form https://www.unicode.org/versions/corrigendum1.html |
| [Corrigendum2] |
Corrigendum #2: Yod with Hiriq Normalization https://www.unicode.org/versions/corrigendum2.html |
| [Corrigendum3] |
Corrigendum #3: U+F951 Normalization https://www.unicode.org/versions/corrigendum3.html |
| [Corrigendum4] |
Corrigendum #4: Five CJK Canonical Mapping Errors https://www.unicode.org/versions/corrigendum4.html |
| [Corrigendum5] |
Corrigendum #5: Normalization Idempotency https://www.unicode.org/versions/corrigendum5.html |
| [Corrigendum6] |
Corrigendum #6: Bidi Mirroring https://www.unicode.org/versions/corrigendum6.html |
| [Corrigendum7] |
Corrigendum #7: UAX #14, Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm, rule LB8 https://www.unicode.org/versions/corrigendum7.html |
| [Corrigendum8] |
Corrigendum #8: Bidi_Class Fix for U+070F Syriac Abbreviation Mark https://www.unicode.org/versions/corrigendum8.html |
| [Corrigendum9] |
Corrigendum #9: Clarification About Noncharacters https://www.unicode.org/versions/corrigendum9.html |
| [Data9] |
Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm Property Data Files Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/BidiMirroring.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/BidiBrackets.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/BidiMirroring.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/BidiBrackets.txt |
| [Data11] |
East Asian Width Property Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/EastAsianWidth.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/EastAsianWidth.txt |
| [Data14] |
Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm Property Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/LineBreak.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/LineBreak.txt |
| [Data14Derived] |
Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm Derived Property Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/extracted/DerivedLineBreak.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/extracted/DerivedLineBreak.txt |
| [Data24] |
Unicode Script Property Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/Scripts.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/Scripts.txt |
| [Data34] |
Unicode Named Character Sequences Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/NamedSequences.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/NamedSequences.txt |
| [Data45] |
U-Source Ideographs Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/USourceData.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/USourceData.txt |
| [Data50] |
Unicode Vertical Text Layout Property Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/VerticalOrientation.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/VerticalOrientation.txt |
| [Data51] |
Unicode Emoji Data Files Latest Version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/emoji/emoji-data.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/emoji/emoji-variation-sequences.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/emoji/latest/emoji-sequences.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/emoji/latest/emoji-test.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/emoji/latest/emoji-zwj-sequences.txt Version 16.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/emoji/emoji-data.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/emoji/emoji-variation-sequences.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/emoji/16.0/emoji-sequences.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/emoji/16.0/emoji-test.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/emoji/16.0/emoji-zwj-sequences.txt |
| [DataProv] |
Provisional Named Sequences Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/NamedSequencesProv.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/NamedSequencesProv.txt |
| [Demo9] |
Online Demo of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm https://util.unicode.org/UnicodeJsps/bidi.jsp |
| [DerivedBIDI] |
Derived Bidirectional Type Property Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/extracted/DerivedBidiClass.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/extracted/DerivedBidiClass.txt |
| [EquivalentUnifiedIdeograph] |
List of Unified Ideographs Equivalent to CJK Radicals or CJK Strokes Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/EquivalentUnifiedIdeograph.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/EquivalentUnifiedIdeograph.txt |
| [Errata] |
Updates and Errata https://www.unicode.org/errata |
| [Exclusions] |
Composition Exclusion Table Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/CompositionExclusions.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/CompositionExclusions.txt |
| [FAQ] |
Frequently Asked Questions Answers to common questions on technical issues: https://www.unicode.org/faq/ |
| [Feedback] | Contact Form Error reporting and information requests: https://www.unicode.org/reporting.html |
| [Glossary] |
Glossary of Unicode Terms https://www.unicode.org/glossary/ |
| [Glyphs45] |
U-Source Ideographs Glyph Table Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/USourceGlyphs.pdf Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/USourceGlyphs.pdf |
| [HangulST] |
Hangul Syllable Type Property Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/HangulSyllableType.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/HangulSyllableType.txt |
| [NormProps] |
Derived Normalization Properties Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt |
| [Policies] | Unicode Consortium Policies https://www.unicode.org/policies/ |
| [Props] |
Unicode Text Segmentation Property Data Files Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/GraphemeBreakProperty.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/WordBreakProperty.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/SentenceBreakProperty.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/GraphemeBreakProperty.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/WordBreakProperty.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/SentenceBreakProperty.txt |
| [PropValue] |
Property Value Aliases Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/PropertyValueAliases.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/PropertyValueAliases.txt |
| [Reports] |
Unicode Technical Reports List of Unicode Standard Annexes, Technical Standards, and Technical Reports: https://www.unicode.org/reports/ |
| [RSChart45] |
U-Source Radical-Stroke Index Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/USourceRSChart.pdf Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/USourceRSChart.pdf |
| [Stability] |
Unicode Character Encoding Stability Policy https://www.unicode.org/policies/stability_policy.html |
| [StandardizedVariants] |
Standardized Variation Sequences Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/StandardizedVariants.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/StandardizedVariants.txt |
| [Tests9] |
Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm Test Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/BidiTest.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/BidiCharacterTest.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/BidiTest.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/BidiCharacterTest.txt |
| [Tests14] |
Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm Test Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/LineBreakTest.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/LineBreakTest.txt |
| [Tests15] |
Unicode Normalization Forms Test Data File Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/NormalizationTest.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/NormalizationTest.txt |
| [Tests29] |
Unicode Text Segmentation Test Data Files Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/GraphemeBreakTest.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/WordBreakTest.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/auxiliary/SentenceBreakTest.txt Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/GraphemeBreakTest.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/WordBreakTest.txt https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/auxiliary/SentenceBreakTest.txt |
| [UAX9] | Unicode Standard Annex #9: Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/tr9-48.html |
| [UAX11] | Unicode Standard Annex #11: East Asian Width Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr11/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr11/tr11-41.html |
| [UAX14] | Unicode Standard Annex #14: Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr14/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr14/tr14-52.html |
| [UAX15] | Unicode Standard Annex #15: Unicode Normalization Forms Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/tr15-54.html |
| [UAX24] | Unicode Standard Annex #24: Unicode Script Property Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr24/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr24/tr24-36.html |
| [UAX29] | Unicode Standard Annex #29: Unicode Text Segmentation Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/tr29-44.html |
| [UAX31] | Unicode Standard Annex #31: Unicode Identifier and Pattern Syntax Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/tr31-40.html |
| [UAX34] | Unicode Standard Annex #34: Unicode Named Character Sequences Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr34/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr34/tr34-30.html |
| [UAX38] | Unicode Standard Annex #38: Unicode Han Database (Unihan) Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr38/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr38/tr38-36.html |
| [UAX41] | Unicode Standard Annex #41: Common References for Unicode Standard Annexes Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr41/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr41/tr41-33.html |
| [UAX42] | Unicode Standard Annex #42: Unicode Character Database in XML Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr42/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr42/tr42-34.html |
| [UAX44] | Unicode Standard Annex #44: Unicode Character Database Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/tr44-33.html |
| [UAX45] | Unicode Standard Annex #45: U-Source Ideographs Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr45/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr45/tr45-29.html |
| [UAX50] |
Unicode Standard Annex #50: Unicode Vertical Text Layout Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr50/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr50/tr50-30.html |
| [UAX53] |
Unicode Standard Annex #53: Unicode Arabic Mark Rendering Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr53/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr53/tr53-9.html |
| [UAX57] |
Unicode Standard Annex #57: Unicode Egyptian Hieroglyph Database (Unikemet) Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr57/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr57/tr57-2.html |
| [UCD] |
About the Unicode Character Database https://www.unicode.org/ucd/ For detailed documentation, see [UAX44]. |
| [Unicode] |
The Unicode Standard Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/versions/latest/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode16.0.0/ |
| [Unicode3.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0.0 defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0 (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2000. ISBN 0-201-61633-5), https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode3.0.0/ |
| [Unicode3.1] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 3.1.0, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0 (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2000. ISBN 0-201-61633-5), as amended by the Unicode Standard Annex #27: Unicode 3.1 https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr27/ |
| [Unicode3.2] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 3.2.0, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0 (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2000. ISBN 0-201-61633-5), as amended by the Unicode Standard Annex #27: Unicode 3.1 and the Unicode Standard Annex #28: Unicode 3.2 https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr28/ |
| [Unicode4.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0.0, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0 (Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2003. ISBN 0-321-18578-1), https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.0/ |
| [Unicode4.0.1] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0.1, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0 (Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2003. ISBN 0-321-18578-1), as amended by Unicode 4.0.1 https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.1/ |
| [Unicode4.1] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 4.1.0, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0 (Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2003. ISBN 0-321-18578-1), as amended by Unicode 4.0.1 and Unicode 4.1.0 https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.1.0/ |
| [Unicode5.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 5.0.0, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 5.0 (Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2007. ISBN 0-321-48091-0), https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.0.0/ |
| [Unicode5.1] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 5.1.0, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 5.0 (Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2007. ISBN 0-321-48091-0), as amended by Unicode 5.1.0 https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.1.0/ |
| [Unicode5.2] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 5.2.0, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 5.2 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2009. ISBN 978-1-936213-00-9), https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0/ |
| [Unicode6.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 6.0.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2011. ISBN 978-1-936213-01-6) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.0.0/ |
| [Unicode6.1] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 6.1.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2012. ISBN 978-1-936213-02-3) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.1.0/ |
| [Unicode6.2] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 6.2.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2012. ISBN 978-1-936213-07-8) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.2.0/ |
| [Unicode6.3] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2013. ISBN 978-1-936213-08-5) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.3.0/ |
| [Unicode7.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 7.0.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2014. ISBN 978-1-936213-09-2) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode7.0.0/ |
| [Unicode8.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 8.0.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2015. ISBN 978-1-936213-10-8) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode8.0.0/ |
| [Unicode9.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 9.0.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2016. ISBN 978-1-936213-13-9) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode9.0.0/ |
| [Unicode10.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 10.0.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2017. ISBN 978-1-936213-16-0) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode10.0.0/ |
| [Unicode11.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 11.0.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2018. ISBN 978-1-936213-19-1) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode11.0.0/ |
| [Unicode12.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 12.0.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2019. ISBN 978-1-936213-22-1) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode12.0.0/ |
| [Unicode12.1] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 12.1.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2019. ISBN 978-1-936213-25-2) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode12.1.0/ |
| [Unicode13.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 13.0.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2020. ISBN 978-1-936213-26-9) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode13.0.0/ |
| [Unicode14.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2021. ISBN 978-1-936213-29-0) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode14.0.0/ |
| [Unicode15.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 15.0.0 (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2022. ISBN 978-1-936213-32-0) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.0.0/ |
| [Unicode15.1] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 15.1.0 (South San Francisco, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2023. ISBN 978-1-936213-33-7) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.1.0/ |
| [Unicode16.0] |
The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0.0 (South San Francisco: The Unicode Consortium, 2024. ISBN 978-1-936213-34-4) https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode16.0.0/ |
| [Unihan] |
Unihan Database Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/Unihan.zip Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/Public/16.0.0/ucd/Unihan.zip |
| [UTC] |
Unicode Technical Committee https://www.unicode.org/consortium/utc.html |
| [UTN5] |
Unicode Technical Note #5: Canonical Equivalence in Applications https://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/ |
| [UTN43] |
Unicode Technical Note #43: Unihan Database Property "kStrange" https://www.unicode.org/notes/tn43/ |
| [UTN45] |
Unicode Technical Note #45: Unihan Property History https://www.unicode.org/notes/tn45/ |
| [UTN50] |
Unicode Technical Note #50: KP-Source Property Value History https://www.unicode.org/notes/tn50/ |
| [UTN54] |
Unicode Technical Note #54: Annotated Line Breaking Algorithm https://www.unicode.org/notes/tn54/ |
| [UTR17] |
Unicode Technical Report #17: Unicode Character Encoding Model Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr17/ |
| [UTR23] |
Unicode Technical Report #23: The Unicode Character Property Model Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr23/ |
| [UTR25] |
Unicode Technical Report #25: Unicode Support for Mathematics Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr25/ |
| [UTR33] |
Unicode Technical Report #33: Unicode Conformance Model Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr33/ |
| [UTR36] |
Unicode Technical Report #36: Unicode Security Considerations Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/ |
| [UTR53] |
Unicode Technical Report #53: Unicode Arabic Mark Rendering Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr53/ |
| [UTR54] |
Unicode Technical Report #54: Unicode Mongolian 12.1 Snapshot Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr54/ |
| [UTS6] |
Unicode Technical Standard #6: A Standard Compression Scheme for Unicode Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr6/ |
| [UTS10] |
Unicode Technical Standard #10: Unicode Collation Algorithm Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/tr10-50.html |
| [UTS18] |
Unicode Technical Standard #18: Unicode Regular Expressions Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr18/ |
| [UTS22] |
Unicode Technical Standard #22: Unicode Character Mapping Markup Language (CharMapML) Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr22/ |
| [UTS35] |
Unicode Technical Standard #35: Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/ |
| [UTS37] |
Unicode Technical Standard #37: Unicode Ideographic Variation Database Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr37/ |
| [UTS39] |
Unicode Technical Standard #39: Unicode Security Mechanisms Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr39/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr39/tr39-29.html |
| [UTS46] |
Unicode Technical Standard #46: Unicode IDNA Compatibility Processing Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr46/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr46/tr46-31.html |
| [UTS51] |
Unicode Technical Standard #51: Unicode Emoji Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr51/ Version 16.0.0: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr51/tr51-26.html |
| [UTS55] |
Unicode Technical Standard #55: Unicode Source Code Handling Latest version: https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr55/ |
| [Versions] |
About Versions of the Unicode Standard Information on version numbering, and citing and referencing the Unicode Standard, the Unicode Character Database, and Unicode Technical Reports: https://www.unicode.org/versions/ |
| [10646] | International Organization for Standardization,
ISO/IEC 10646:2020: Information Technology – Universal Coded Character Set (UCS), Sixth Edition Available from the ISO/IEC ITTF website: https://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/ |
| [CharMod] |
Martin J. Dürst, et al.,
Character Model for the World Wide Web 1.0: Fundamentals, W3C Recommendation https://www.w3.org/TR/charmod/ |
| [CSS3Writing] | Elika J. Etemad / fantasai, Koji Ishii,
CSS Writing Modes Level 3, W3C Candidate Recommendation https://www.w3.org/TR/css-writing-modes-3/ |
| [HTML5] | Steve Faulkner, et al.,
HTML 5.2, W3C Recommendation, 14 December 2017 https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/ |
| [IDNA2008] | The IDNA2008 specification is defined by a
cluster of IETF RFCs:
|
| [ISO15924] | International Organization for Standardization,
ISO 15924:2004: Information and Documentation – Codes for the Representation of Names of Scripts https://www.unicode.org/iso15924/ |
| [ISO19757] | International Organization for Standardization,
ISO/IEC 19757-2:2008: Information Technology – Document Schema Definition Language (DSDL) –
Part 2: Regular-Grammar-Based Validation – RELAX NG, Second Edition Available from the ISO/IEC ITTF website: https://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/ |
| [JIS] | Japanese Standards Association, JIS X 4051:2004: Formatting Rules for Japanese Documents 『日本語文書の組版方法』 |
| [KSX1026] | Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, KS X 1026-1:2007: Information Technology – Universal Multiple Octet Coded Character Set – Hangul – Part 1: Hangul Processing Guide for Information Interchange |
| [XML] | Tim Bray, et al.,
Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0, Fifth Edition, W3C Recommendation https://www.w3.org/TR/xml/ |
| [CharLint] |
Martin J. Dürst, Charlint – A Character Normalization Tool https://www.w3.org/International/charlint/ |
| [CharMatch] |
Addison Phillips, Character Model for the World Wide Web: String Matching and Searching, W3C Working Draft https://www.w3.org/TR/charmod-norm/ |
| [CharNorm] |
François Yergeau, et al.,
Character Model for the World Wide Web 1.0: Normalization, W3C Working Draft https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-charmod-norm-20120501/ |
| [JLREQ] |
Hiroyuki Chiba, et al.,
Requirements for Japanese Text Layout, W3C Working Group Note https://www.w3.org/TR/jlreq/ |
| [Knuth78] | Donald E. Knuth, et al., Breaking Lines into Paragraphs, republished in Digital Typography, CSLI 78 (Stanford, CA: CLSI Publications, 1997) |
| [Suign98] | Michel Suignard, Worldwide Typography and How to Apply JIS X 4051-1995 to Unicode, Proceedings of the Twelfth International Unicode / ISO 10646 Conference (Tokyo, Japan: 1998) |
| [TEX] | Donald E. Knuth, TEX, the Program, Volume B of Computers & Typesetting (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1986) |
| [UnicodeXML] |
Martin Dürst, Asmus Freytag, Unicode in XML and other Markup Languages, W3C Working Group Note https://www.w3.org/TR/unicode-xml/ |
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